Leakage detection and prevention technology for goaf areas in pillarless coal mining at Xinji No. 1 Mine
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摘要:
针对无煤柱开采Y型通风工作面采空区与相邻采空区漏风自燃问题，采用能位测定和示踪技术相结合的方法，对新集一矿360606工作面采空区群各密闭墙漏风进行检测。结果表明：3608（06）采区进风系统的能位高于回风系统，360606工作面采空区与上覆采空区和其相邻采空区均存在漏风通道，−550 m西翼胶带石门（北）密闭墙是主要漏风源，−415 m西大巷密闭墙、−415 m辅助回风上山密闭墙、−415 m井底车场绕道密闭墙、360608运输巷密闭墙、360606回风隅角和360606工作面柔模墙取气孔为漏风汇。根据360606工作面及其与相邻采空区漏风通道的特点，提出注氮灌浆堵漏、设置风帘等防治措施。应用结果表明：针对360606工作面采空区漏风进行综合防治后，沿空留巷与回风侧采空区CO及O2浓度均处于正常范围，有效控制了360606工作面采空区漏风，保障了360606工作面的安全生产。
Abstract:To address the issues of leakage and spontaneous combustion in goaf areas of the Y-type ventilation working face pillarless extraction, as well as the adjacent old goaf areas, a combined method of energy potential measurement and tracer technology was used to detect air leakage in the sealing walls of the goaf areas of the 360606 working face at Xinji No. 1 Mine. The results showed that the energy potential of the intake system in the 3608 (06) mining area was higher than that of the return air system. There were leakage channels between the 360606 working face goaf, the overlying goaf, and adjacent goaf areas. The sealing wall of the −550 m West Wing Belt Stone Gate (North) was the main source of air leakage. The leakage sink occurred at the −415 m West Main Tunnel sealing wall, the −415 m Auxiliary Return Air Mountain sealing wall, the −415 m Mine Bottom Car Track Detour sealing wall, the 360608 Transport Tunnel sealing wall, the 360606 Return Air Corner, and the air inlet holes of the 360606 working face flexible model wall. Based on the characteristics of the 360606 working face and its leakage channels with adjacent goaf areas, measures such as nitrogen injection grouting for sealing and the installation of wind curtains were proposed. Application results indicate that after comprehensive prevention and control measures were implemented for the leakage in the 360606 working face goaf, the CO and O2 concentrations in the air in the retention roadway and return air side goaf areas remained within the normal range, effectively controlling the leakage and ensuring safe production in the 360606 working face.
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图 1 360606工作面采空区及其临近采空区分布
Figure 1. Goaf area of the 360606 working face and its adjacent goaf areas
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图 2 新集一矿西区能位测点布置
Figure 2. Energy potential measurement point arrangement in the west area of Xinji No.1 Mine
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图 3 工作面及临近采空区群测点能位
Figure 3. Energy potential at measurement points in working face and adjacent goaf areas
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图 7 防治前回风侧采空区气体浓度
Figure 7. Gas concentration in the return air side goaf area before treatment
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图 8 防治前柔模墙测点气体浓度
Figure 8. Gas concentration at flexible wall measurement point before treatment
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图 9 防治后回风侧采空区气体浓度
Figure 9. Gas concentration in return air side goaf area after treatment
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图 10 防治后柔模墙测点气体浓度
Figure 10. Gas concentration at flexible wall measurement point after treatment
表 1 新集一矿西区能位测点信息
Table 1 Energy potential measurement point information in the western area of Xinji No.1 Mine
测点编号 测点名称 8 −415 m西大巷密闭墙 9 −415 m辅助回风上山密闭墙 10 −415 m井底车厂密闭墙 12 360808工作面运输巷密闭墙 13 360802工作面运输巷密闭墙 14 360804回风联巷密闭墙 15 3608采空区轨道上（下）山密闭墙 17 −550 m西胶带大巷密闭墙 19 360804工作面进风巷密闭墙 
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表 2 新集一矿西区能位测定结果
Table 2 Energy potential measurement results in the western area of Xinji No.1 Mine
测段 巷道名称 支护
形式断面
形状测段阻
力/Pa测段风
量/(m3·s−1)测段
长度/m百米阻
力损失能位
差/Pa静压
差/Pa风阻 周长/m 阻力
系数备注 30—31 360606工作面运输巷 锚喷 梯形 28.7 1.9 820 20 470 −337 0.2025 16.13 0.0521 有门框 31—32 工作面 锚喷 梯形 22.0 1.6 265 38 −647 717 0.2093 15.68 0.1445 工作面支架 32—12 360606工作面回风巷 锚喷 梯形 36.0 1.7 850 23 −189 338 0.1480 19.31 0.0901 有门框 12—33 西区−700～−620 m
运输斜巷锚喷 梯形 48.8 7.1 667 60 606 93 0.1666 10.88 0.0073 14—33测段断面小，
风速超限33—34 3608采区回风上山 锚喷 梯形 101.2 9.4 240 66 −39 72 0.0155 13.66 0.0059 风桥 34—35 −680 西区回风石门 锚喷 U形 106.0 10.6 150 75 −203 373 0.0100 13.15 0.0051 风速大，有小断面 35—10 西三回风下山 锚喷 U形 93.3 7.1 1460 34 − 3144 3814 0.0564 15.06 0.0058 有冒顶，小断面 10—8 井底车场绕道 锚喷 U形 32.7 2.6 85 18 0 50 0.0141 14.80 0.0227 正常巷道 15—34 36采区避难硐室 锚喷 U形 106.2 7.0 80 966 −72 915 0.0686 16.26 0.1880 有风门 13—33 西区−700～−620 m
运输斜巷锚喷 梯形 26.1 3.7 90 569 48 519 0.7503 11.04 0.2635 有控风设施
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表 3 工作面及临近采空区群测点能位计算结果
Table 3 Calculated energy potential results at measurement points in working face and adjacent goaf areas
测点位置 序号 密闭墙编号/测段位置 测试地点 能位/Pa 密闭墙 8 C−13−418 −415 m西大巷 379 9 C−13−417/C−13−147 −415 m辅助回风上山 379 10 C−13−419 −415 m井底车场绕道 379 12 C−08−144 360808工作面运输巷 1540 13 C−08−131 360802工作面运输巷 1254 14 C−08−134 360804工作面回风联巷 1264 15 C−13−147/C−08−147 3608采区轨道上（下）山 1756 360606工作面 30 运输巷 运输巷外口 2000 31 运输巷 运输巷里口 1833 32 回风巷 回风巷里口 1731 12 回风巷 回风巷外口 1540
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表 4 取样点最大漏风速度
Table 4 Maximum air leakage velocity at sampling points
取样点 距离/m 耗时/min 速度/（m·min−1） 1号 1 950 120 16.25 2号 1 980 540 3.67 3号 2 030 60 33.9 4号 1 800 1 560 1.15 5号 1 400 1 500 0.93 6号 1 000 1 560 0.64
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