Design of multifunctional miner lamp based on LoRa and RT-Thread
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摘要: 针对目前井下矿灯存在功能单一、无线通信距离短和功耗较高等问题，基于LoRa无线通信技术和物联网操作系统RT-Thread设计了一种集井下照明、环境状态感知、人员状态监测与定位、无线通信与安全报警的多功能矿灯。该矿灯以STM32单片机作为核心，利用多种传感器实现环境温湿度、瓦斯浓度和人员运动状态信息的实时感知；利用远距离低功耗的LoRa无线通信技术，结合LoRa智能网关，与地面远程监控平台实现信息交互。该多功能矿灯还能够进行本地异常状态预警并上报远程监控平台，同时，监控平台能够下发安全预警信息，向井下工作人员及时发布工作面的安全状态。测试结果表明，该矿灯具有较高的数据采集精度、较好的无线通信性能、较低的功耗，在实现多功能的条件下，能通过多种传感器有效测量环境参数，测量误差不超过1%;通过智能网关与监控平台进行数据交互，最大丢包率不超过4%，最大时延低于100 ms;当矿灯处于待机工作状态时，最低平均消耗电流小于10 μA，能够有效延长矿灯使用时间。Abstract: In order to solve the problems of single function, short wireless communication distance and high power consumption of current miner lamp, a multifunctional miner lamp based on LoRa wireless communication technology and the Internet of things operating system RT-Thread is designed. The lamp integrates the functions of mine lighting, environmental status sensing, personnel status monitoring and positioning, and wireless communication and safety alarm. The miner lamp uses STM32 microcontroller as the core, uses a variety of sensors to realize real-time perception of environmental temperature and humidity, gas concentration and personnel movement status information. The miner lamp uses long-distance low-power LoRa wireless communication technology, combined with LoRa intelligent gateway, to realize information interaction with the ground remote monitoring platform. The multifunctional miner lamp can also carry out local abnormal status early warning and remote reporting to the monitoring platform. At the same time, the monitoring platform can send safety early warning information and release the safety status of the working face to miners timely. The test results show that the miner lamp has high data acquisition accuracy, good wireless communication performance and low power consumption. Under the condition of multifunctional implementation, the miner lamp can measure environmental parameters effectively through a variety of sensors, and the measurement error is less than 1%. The maximum packet loss rate is less than 4% and the maximum time delay is less than 100 ms through the data interaction between the intelligent gateway and the monitoring platform. When the miner lamp is in standby mode, the lowest average current consumption is less than 10 μA, which can extend the service time of the miner lamp effectively.
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