Design of an anchor removal device for advanced roadways

To address the problems of existing anchor removal processes in mining, such as many on-site operators, low operation efficiency, poor safety, and insufficient adaptability to complex working conditions, an end-support-fixed anchor removal device for advanced roadways was proposed. The device adopted an overall structure of "base + folding arm + anchor removal actuator". Through rapid connection between the base and the working face end hydraulic support, a six-degree-of-freedom hydraulic manipulator was used to achieve large-range positioning of the anchor removal actuator in the advanced roadway space. To solve the problem that the breaking force of the shearing mechanism in the anchor removal actuator was insufficient under the pressure conditions of the emulsion system of the mine working face, the theoretical breaking force of the lock and the output force of the shearing mechanism were checked, and a hydraulic booster was used to increase the working pressure of the shearing cylinder, thereby realizing effective breaking of anchor cable locks. A hydraulic system using the emulsion pump station as the power source and an electrical control system based on remote visual operation were designed, realizing motion control, status monitoring, and safety protection of the anchor removal device. Underground field tests showed that the designed anchor removal device could be remotely operated and could replace manual on-site operation to realize anchor positioning and shearing. The removal time for a single anchor cable was shortened from 10-30 min in the traditional process to about 3 min, significantly improving anchor removal efficiency while reducing the labor intensity and safety risks of on-site operators, and providing equipment support for removing underground coal mine anchor support.