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矿井动目标精确定位技术及优化方法研究

郑学召 严瑞锦 蔡国斌 王宝元 何芹健

郑学召,严瑞锦,蔡国斌,等. 矿井动目标精确定位技术及优化方法研究[J]. 工矿自动化,2023,49(2):14-22.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.18020
引用本文: 郑学召,严瑞锦,蔡国斌,等. 矿井动目标精确定位技术及优化方法研究[J]. 工矿自动化,2023,49(2):14-22.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.18020
ZHENG Xuezhao, YAN Ruijin, CAI Guobin, et al. Research on precise positioning technology and optimization method of mine moving targets[J]. Journal of Mine Automation,2023,49(2):14-22.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.18020
Citation: ZHENG Xuezhao, YAN Ruijin, CAI Guobin, et al. Research on precise positioning technology and optimization method of mine moving targets[J]. Journal of Mine Automation,2023,49(2):14-22.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.18020

矿井动目标精确定位技术及优化方法研究

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.18020
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174197);陕西省应急管理领域科技信息化专项课题(2021HZ1130)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    郑学召(1977—),男,新疆焉耆人,教授,博士,研究方向为应急技术与管理、矿山防灭火技术, E-mail: zhengxuezhao@ xust.edu

  • 中图分类号: TD676

Research on precise positioning technology and optimization method of mine moving targets

  • 摘要: 现有矿井动目标定位系统存在井下无线信号传输衰减严重、非视距误差较大、井下电磁环境复杂、动静目标感知范围广、多系统信息融合联动性强等问题,目前针对矿井动目标精确定位技术及优化方法的研究未全面分析动目标精确定位服务的特点和技术要求,且缺少主流与新兴定位技术的全面对比。针对上述问题,分析了常用信号传输技术和定位测距方法在矿井动目标精确定位系统中应用的优缺点,指出无线电定位技术是较为适合、可行的矿井动目标精确定位技术。从信号防碰撞技术、误差消除方法、定位结果优化方法和融合定位技术4个方面分析了我国矿井动目标精确定位优化方法的研究现状,总结了存在的问题:① 信号防碰撞算法的综合性仍需改进。② 测距误差控制手段的高效性有待提升。③ 融合定位方法在生产现场中应用尚不成熟。④ 系统的应急救援辅助作用未充分发挥。针对现有技术的不足,展望了矿井动目标精确定位技术的发展趋势:① 研究动态环境下信号冲突机制和冲突后恢复机制,设计综合信号防碰撞方案。② 研究精确、高效、经济的测距误差控制方案,节约通信成本。③ 设计多种定位方法深度融合的动态定位方案,提升系统的可靠性、灵活性和应用性。④ 研究多系统联动方案及极端情况下应急通信与定位恢复机制,充分发挥系统在应急救援中的作用。

     

  • 图  1  矿井动目标精确定位系统结构

    Figure  1.  Structure of precise positioning system for mine moving target

    图  2  双信道方式应用原理

    Figure  2.  Application principle of dual-channel mode

    图  3  矿井动目标精确定位技术发展趋势

    Figure  3.  Development trend of mine moving target precise positioning technology

    表  1  常用无线电定位技术对比

    Table  1.   Common radio positioning technology comparison

    定位
    技术
    标准定位
    精度
    通信
    距离/m
    能量
    损耗
    建设
    成本
    维护
    成本
    自组
    网性
    巷道环境
    影响
    RFIDIEEE
    802.15.4
    15~30较低较低
    BluetoothIEEE
    802.15.1
    1~10较高一般
    ZigBeeIEEE
    802.15.4
    较高20~70一般较低
    WiFiIEEE
    802.11
    一般20~70较高一般
    UWBIEEE
    802.15.3
    <10一般
    5GR16100~200较高
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  常用测距定位算法对比

    Table  2.   Comparison of common ranging and positioning algorithms

    定位
    算法
    定位
    精度
    建设
    成本
    巷道环境
    影响
    定位卡
    时钟偏
    移影响
    分站时
    钟偏移
    影响
    分站与定
    位卡时钟
    同步影响
    分站间
    时钟同
    步影响
    RSSI
    AOA一般
    TOA较低
    TDOA一般较低
    TOF较高
    TWR较高较高
    SS−TWR较低较高
    SDS−TWR较高较高
    ADS−TWR
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-30
  • 修回日期:  2023-02-01
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-02-27

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