Digital identity management system for mine hydraulic props based on dual-mode wireless communication
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摘要:
传统矿用单体液压支柱的管理维护模式效率低、追溯困难、安全性低，但在煤矿井下环境中，基于无线射频识别（RFID）的矿用单体液压支柱管理系统易受金属干扰而影响识别效果，且数据通信高度依赖单一网络，难以保障通信的稳定性与实时性。针对上述问题，设计了一种基于双模式无线通信的RFID矿用单体液压支柱数字身份管理系统，并采用PCB超高频抗金属标签降低金属环境对RFID的干扰。通过RFID手持阅读器APP一键上传功能，将液压支柱状态数据无线发送至服务器端的管理软件，实现对液压支柱全生命周期的监控和管理。为适应井下复杂的无线环境，提出了双模式无线通信方式，通过公共WiFi和AP热点的智能切换，有效解决了井下网络覆盖不足的难题，保证了数据传输的可靠性。引入了基于信息熵理论的动态数据价值评估模型，实现了基于数据价值的动态分级传输策略。测试结果表明：PCB超高频抗金属标签在无障碍条件下的有效识别距离为2.2 m，识别稳定性达98%；在WiFi模式下，系统有效数据传输距离为5.2 m，且传输成功率在90%以上。
Abstract:The traditional management and maintenance mode of single hydraulic supports used in mining is inefficient, difficult to trace, and has low safety. However, in the underground coal mine environment, RFID-based management systems for single hydraulic supports are easily affected by metal interference, which degrades identification performance, and their data communication heavily relies on a single network, making it difficult to ensure stable and real-time communication. To address these issues, a digital identity management system for mining single hydraulic supports based on dual-mode wireless communication and RFID was designed, using PCB ultra-high-frequency anti-metal tags to reduce metal environment interference on RFID. By scanning the RFID tags on hydraulic supports with a handheld reader, the basic information and status (normal, fault, scrap, etc.) of the hydraulic supports could be read. The handheld terminal app provided a one-click upload function to wirelessly send the hydraulic support status data to server-side management software, achieving full lifecycle monitoring and management of the hydraulic supports. To adapt to the complex underground wireless environment, a dual-mode wireless communication method was proposed, intelligently switching between public WiFi and AP hotspots, effectively solving the problem of insufficient network coverage underground and ensuring reliable data transmission. A dynamic data value evaluation model based on information entropy theory was introduced to implement a data-value-based dynamic hierarchical transmission strategy. Test results showed that the PCB ultra-high-frequency anti-metal tag had an effective identification distance of 2.2 meters under unobstructed conditions, with identification stability reaching 98%. Under WiFi mode, the system’s effective data transmission distance was 5.2 meters, with a transmission success rate above 90%.
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图 1 基于双模式无线通信的矿用单体液压支柱数字身份管理系统架构
Figure 1. Architecture of digital identity management system for mining single hydraulic support based on dual-mode wireless communication
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图 5 手持端扫描维护软件界面
Figure 5. Handheld terminal scanning and maintenance software interface
表 1 PCB超高频抗金属标签主要参数
Table 1 Key Parameters of PCB UHF anti-metal tags
射频频率/MHz 840～960 射频协议 ISO18000-6C 芯片容量/bit 96～128 读写距离/m 0～2 标签尺寸/mm 70×20×4 
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表 2 不同状态−位置组合下的数据字段权重分配
Table 2 Data field weight distribution for different status and location combinations
状态 位置 p（x1） p（x2） p（x3） p（x4） 正常 作业区 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.15 过渡区 0.28 0.28 0.26 0.18 备用区 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.20 故障 作业区 0.15 0.55 0.20 0.10 过渡区 0.18 0.50 0.22 0.10 备用区 0.20 0.45 0.25 0.10 报废 作业区 0.10 0.60 0.20 0.10 过渡区 0.15 0.55 0.20 0.10 备用区 0.20 0.40 0.30 0.10
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表 3 标签识别测试结果
Table 3 Tag identification test results
标签编号 标签类型 尺寸/mm 材质 D/m d/m S/% TAG−001 ABS抗
金属标签95×25 工程
塑料1.80 0.30 94 TAG−002 70×25 1.60 0.20 92 TAG−003 不干胶
柔性标签45×20 PVC
薄膜0.60 0.10 75 TAG−004 63×12 0.70 0.15 75 TAG−005 PCB抗
金属标签52×13 陶瓷
基材0.90 0.25 95 TAG−006 70×20 1.90 0.45 97 TAG−007 80×20 2.20 0.60 98 TAG−008 柔性抗
金属标签30×15 PET
泡棉0.80 0.35 89 TAG−009 60×25 1.50 0.40 92
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表 4 WiFi数据传输测试结果
Table 4 WiFi data transmission test results
测试模式 测试距离/m R/m P/s T/s 系统WiFi 1.0 5.2 100 0.12 2.0 98 0.16 3.0 95 0.25 4.0 93 0.30 5.0 90 0.33 5.5 72 0.45
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