Research on automatic detection and alarm methods for coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst accidents
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摘要: 煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出自动感知报警方法是及时发现事故并应急救援，减少人员伤亡，避免或减少瓦斯和煤尘爆炸等次生事故发生，遏制事故迟报、漏报和瞒报的有效措施。煤矿冲击地压事故感知难，目前还没有煤矿冲击地压事故自动发现和报警方法，煤矿冲击地压事故主要靠人工发现。目前仅有基于甲烷、风速和风向传感器的煤与瓦斯突出自动报警方法，但存在响应速度慢、甲烷传感器损毁前监测不到甲烷浓度大幅升高等问题。提出了煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出图像感知报警方法：根据煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出温度、颜色、深度、掩埋等图像特征，识别煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出；再根据巷道空间和采掘工作面的甲烷浓度变化，区分冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出，如果甲烷浓度大面积迅速升高，则判定为煤与瓦斯突出，否则判定为冲击地压。该方法具有直观、响应速度快、非接触、监测范围广、简单可靠等优点，可直观地记录煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出真实情况；当煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出事故报警后，调度室值班人员可以通过录像，立即确认事故，及时进行应急救援。提出了减少煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出抛出的煤岩对图像感知影响的方法：摄像机多点布置，摄像机设置在较高位置，视频数据及时传输，甲烷传感器多点布置等。Abstract: The automatic perception and alarm method for coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst is an effective measure to timely detect accidents and emergency rescue, reduce casualties, avoid or reduce secondary accidents such as gas and coal dust explosions, and curb delayed, missed, and concealed reporting of accidents. It is difficult to perceive coal mine rock burst accidents, and there is currently no automatic detection and alarm method for coal mine rock burst accidents. Coal mine rock burst accidents are mainly discovered manually. At present, there are only automatic alarm methods for coal and gas outbursts based on methane, wind speed, and direction sensors. There are problems such as slow response speed and inability to detect significant increases in methane concentration before methane sensor damage. A method for image perception and alarm of coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst has been proposed. Based on the image features of coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst temperature, color, depth, burial, etc., the method recognizes coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst. Based on the changes in gas concentration in the roadway space and mining face, the method distinguishes between rock burst and coal and gas outburst. If the gas concentration rapidly increases over a large area, it is judged as coal and gas outburst, otherwise it is judged as rock burst. This method has the advantages of intuitiveness, fast response speed, non-contact, wide monitoring range, simplicity and reliability, and can intuitively record the real situation of coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst. When the coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst accidents are alarmed, the personnel on duty in the control room can immediately confirm the accident through video recording and carry out emergency rescue in a timely manner. A method has been proposed to reduce the impact of coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outbursts on image perception, including multi point arrangement of cameras, setting of cameras at higher positions, timely transmission of video data, and multi-point arrangement of methane sensors.
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