摘要:
由于障碍物的存在，矿井等定位场景中普遍存在非视距传播现象，引起定位信号的折射、反射、衍射和散射，导致测距误差增大，进而影响目标定位精度。分析了非视距传播对TOA（Time of Arrival，到达时间）、TDOA（Time Difference of Arrival，到达时间差）、AOA（Angle of Arrival，到达角度）、RSSI（Received Signal Strength Indication，接收强度指示）等定位方法的影响，并从非视距传播的识别、非视距传播误差的抑制、非视距传播的利用及非视距场景下的定位方法设计4个方面对现有文献进行综述。对于非视距传播的识别，重点探讨了残差检验法、误差统计法、能量检测法、神经网络算法和几何关系法；对于非视距传播误差的抑制，主要分析了基于滤波的方法、基于半参数的方法、基于能量检测的方法及基于数据库的方法；对于非视距传播的利用，重点综述了提高定位系统鲁棒性及基于误差学习和匹配的方法；对于非视距场景下的目标定位方法设计，分为视距与非视距混合场景及纯非视距场景2种情况进行综述。探讨了目标定位中非视距传播研究的新方向：通过多种定位技术的融合提高目标定位精度；借助新兴技术提高非视距场景下的目标定位精度；通过与其他信息系统的交互引入额外信息，实现跨系统协同定位。
Abstract:
Due to the existence of obstacles, none-line-of-sight(NLOS) propagation is common in localization scenes like mines, which causes refraction, reflection, diffraction and scattering of localization signals, leads to the increase of ranging error, and further influences accuracy of object localization. The influence of NLOS propagation on localization methods is analyzed including TOA(Time of Arrival), TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival), AOA(Angle of Arrival), RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication), etc. Then existing literatures are reviewed from four aspects: identification of NLOS propagation, suppression of NLOS propagation error, utilization of NLOS propagation and localization method design in NLOS scenes. For the identification of NLOS propagation, the residual test method, error statistics method, energy detection method, neural network algorithm and geometry relation method are focused on. For the suppression of NLOS propagation error, the filtering-based method, semi-parametric-based method, energy detection-based method and database-based method are mainly analyzed. For the utilization of NLOS propagation, the method of improving robustness of localization system and the one based on error learning and matching are summarized emphatically. For the localization method design in NLOS scenes, the literatures are reviewed from two situations: the LOS/NLOS mixed scenes and only NLOS scenes. The new research directions of NLOS propagation in object localization are discussed, which are improving localization accuracy by using multiple technologies together, improving localization accuracy in NLOS scenes through new technologies and realizing cooperative localization among different systems by introducing extra information of other information systems.
百度学术
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