岩巷掘进工作面除尘系统联动风幕隔尘技术研究

Linkage air-curtain dust-isolation technology of dust-removal system for rock roadway tunneling faces

  • 摘要: 目前矿井掘进巷中常用的抽出式除尘系统运行时导致局部风量损失,风幕发生装置存在分风问题,影响掘进工作面风流供给。针对岩巷掘进工作面的粉尘治理与风流调控问题,研发了一种抽出式除尘系统联动风幕隔尘装置,可将除尘系统的净化风流直接形成阻尘风幕。在风幕隔尘装置风筒弯曲部位安装月牙形导流片,通过数值模拟验证了其可减小17.11%的流体速度损失,从而降低因除尘系统运行造成的局部风量损失。推导了抽出式除尘系统联动风幕隔尘装置的阻力计算公式,为除尘系统风机选型提供依据。建立巷道几何模型、流体运动数学模型与粉尘颗粒的离散相模型,对掘进巷中流体运动与粉尘运移规律进行数值模拟研究,结果表明:当风幕隔尘装置距掘进工作面6 m,压抽比为1∶1.1且风幕隔尘装置射流口形状为渐宽条缝时,经风幕隔尘后,粉尘浓度由4×10−5 kg/m3降至5×10−6 kg/m3,降尘率为87.5%,喷射风流均匀充足且不会相互干扰,将高浓度粉尘封锁在更小的空间内,防止高浓度粉尘扩散。

     

    Abstract: At present, the commonly used extraction-type dust-removal system in mine tunneling roadways causes local air volume loss during operation, and the air-curtain generator suffers from air-distribution problems that affect the air supply at the tunneling face. To address the problems of dust control and airflow regulation at rock roadway tunneling faces, a linkage air-curtain dust-isolation device was developed based on the extraction-type dust-removal system, which enabled the purified airflow from the dust-removal system to directly form a dust-blocking air curtain. A crescent-shaped guide vane was installed at the bend of the air duct in the air-curtain dust-isolation device. Numerical simulations verified that this design reduced fluid velocity loss by 17.11%, thereby decreasing the local air volume loss caused by the operation of the dust-removal system. A resistance-calculation formula for the linkage air-curtain dust-isolation device of the extraction-type dust-removal system was derived to provide a basis for selecting dust-removal fans. A roadway geometric model, a fluid-motion mathematical model, and a discrete-phase model of dust particles were established to numerically simulate the flow field and dust-migration patterns in the tunneling roadway. The results showed that when the air-curtain dust-isolation device was positioned 6 m from the tunneling face, with a pressure-extraction ratio of 1∶1.1 and a gradually widened slit-shaped jet outlet, the dust concentration decreased from 4× 10−5 kg/m3 to 5 × 10−6 kg/m3 after passing through the air curtain, achieving a dust-reduction rate of 87.5%. The jet airflow was uniform and sufficient without mutual interference, confining high-concentration dust within a smaller space and preventing its diffusion.

     

/

返回文章
返回