基于红外热像和振动信号的煤岩识别实验研究

刘治翔; 孙战; 尹家阔; 邹康

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2023110029

基于红外热像和振动信号的煤岩识别实验研究

辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院，辽宁阜新　123000

基金项目: 辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目（2023JH2/101600061）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘治翔（1988—），男，辽宁大连人，副教授，博士，研究方向为煤矿智能掘进成套装备及技术，E-mail：lzxcndl@yeah.net

中图分类号: TD67
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-08
- 修回日期: 2024-04-26
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-09
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-31

Experimental study on coal rock recognition based on infrared thermal imaging and vibration signals

School of Mechanical Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China

摘要

摘要: 针对现有煤岩识别技术存在的难以实际应用、易受信号干扰、成本高和实现复杂等问题，通过理论分析煤岩截割产热与煤岩硬度的关系，证明通过红外热像获取的截割温度变化来进行煤岩识别的合理性；搭建了掘进机截齿截割煤岩试验台，对不同硬度的普通煤层、煤岩交界处及中砂岩层进行长时间截割试验，通过红外热像仪和振动传感器分别获取截割温度和截割头振动信号并分析其变化规律。研究结果表明：① 随着截割时间增加，截割温度逐渐升高；煤岩硬度越高，截割温度越高，且截割温度上升速率越快；在截割起始阶段无法通过截割温度识别煤岩，但在稳定截割时可根据截割温度特性识别煤岩。② 截割头振动强度随着煤岩硬度增大而变大，但不随截割时间增加而产生明显变化，因此可弥补在截割起始阶段无法通过截割温度识别煤岩的不足。③ 通过单一截割温度或振动强度不能对煤岩进行准确识别，因此可在截割起始阶段和频繁出现闪温时通过振动强度来识别煤岩，而在截割稳定阶段通过红外热像获取的温度来识别煤岩。
- 煤岩识别 /
- 红外热像 /
- 截割温度 /
- 振动强度
Abstract: In response to the difficulties in practical application, susceptibility to signal interference, high cost, and complex implementation of existing coal rock recognition technologies, this paper theoretically analyzes the relationship between coal rock cutting heat production and coal rock hardness. The paper proves the rationality of using infrared thermal imaging to obtain cutting temperature changes for coal rock recognition. A coal rock cutting test bench is built for roadheader. Long-term cutting tests are conducted on ordinary coal seams, coal rock interfaces, and sandstone layers with different hardness. The cutting temperature and vibration signals of the cutting head are obtained through infrared thermal imaging and vibration sensors, and their change patterns are analyzed. The research results indicate the following points. ① As the cutting time increases, the cutting temperature gradually increases. The higher the hardness of coal rock, the higher the cutting temperature, and the faster the rate of increase in cutting temperature. At the initial stage of cutting, coal and rock cannot be recognized by cutting temperature, but during stable cutting, coal and rock can be recognized based on cutting temperature features. ② The vibration intensity of the cutting head increases with the increase of coal rock hardness, but does not show a significant change with the increase of cutting time. Therefore, it can compensate for the lack of recognition of coal rock through cutting temperature at the beginning stage of cutting.③ Accurate recognition of coal and rock cannot be achieved through a single cutting temperature or vibration intensity. Therefore, coal and rock can be recognized through vibration intensity during the initial cutting stage and frequent flash temperatures. In the stable cutting stage, coal and rock can be recognized through temperature obtained from infrared thermal imaging.
- coal rock recognition /
- infrared thermal imaging /
- cutting temperature /
- vibration intensity

HTML全文

图 1 掘进机截齿截割煤岩试验台

1—岩样；2—截割头；3—振动传感器；4—截割臂；5—升降电缸；6—摆动底座；7—摆动电缸；8—伸缩电缸；9—截割底座；10—红外热像仪；11—动力控制系统；12—电动机控制器；13—信号分析计算机；14—信号采集仪；15—试验台底座。

Figure 1. Roadheader cutting gear cutting coal rock test bench

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图 2 标准试件

Figure 2. Standard test specimen

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图 3 截割头摆动截割过程红外热像

Figure 3. Infrared thermal image of cutting head swing cutting process

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图 4 不同硬度岩样截割温度变化曲线

Figure 4. Temperature variation curves of rock samples with different hardness

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图 5 不同硬度岩样截割时振动强度变化曲线

Figure 5. Vibration intensity variation curves of rock samples with different hardness

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图 6 不同硬度岩样截割温度、振动强度变化趋势对比

Figure 6. Comparison of variation trend of temperature and vibration intensity of rock samples with different hardness

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表 1 岩样配置比例

Table 1 Allocation proportion of rock sample

岩样	质量占比/%			岩样尺寸（长×宽×高）/（mm×mm×mm）
岩样	沙子	水泥	石膏	岩样尺寸（长×宽×高）/（mm×mm×mm）
煤层	82	11	7	600×400×200
中砂岩层	70	23	7	600×400×200

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表 2 不同硬度岩样截割平均温度

Table 2 Average cutting temperature of rock samples with different hardness

截割时间/min	平均温度/℃
截割时间/min	普通煤层	煤岩交界处	中砂岩层
0～5	24.92	23.35	27.95
5～10	24.85	24.25	28.46
10～15	25.16	25.11	27.61
15～20	25.68	24.85	24.06
20～25	27.61	27.73	28.00
25～30	27.32	31.43	33.42

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表 3 不同硬度岩样截割温度变化

Table 3 Temperature variation of rock samples with different hardness ℃

煤层	平均温度	最高温度	温度变化幅值
普通煤层	25.91	38.20	2.40
煤岩交界处	26.08	37.20	8.08
中砂岩层	28.22	41.00	9.36

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表 4 不同硬度岩样截割时振动方差对比

Table 4 Comparison of vibration variance during cutting of rock samples with different hardness

截割时间/min	振动方差 /（cm²·s⁻⁴）
截割时间/min	普通煤层	煤岩交界处	中砂岩层
0～5	99.60	119.45	147.97
5～10	99.34	119.25	147.68
10～15	99.15	119.37	147.37
15～20	98.78	119.87	147.92
20～25	98.15	119.94	146.89
25～30	99.64	119.26	147.05

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