2019 Vol. 45, No. 6

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Research on informatization technology for roadway surrounding rock structure monitoring in deep underground
LU Nannan, CHEN Yongheng, MA Zhanguo, SUN Yanjing, JING Hongwen
2019, 45(6): 1-9. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17406
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Abstract:
In underground mining process, variety of roadway surrounding rock structure has obvious non-linearity characteristic, and larger coal-rock dynamic disasters are triggered easily. Existing monitoring technologies for roadway surrounding rock in deep underground are based on data collection of single physical quantity and lack joint monitoring and analysis of multi physical quantities, which are unable to correctly judge deformation state of surrounding rock structure. For above problems, existing monitoring technologies for roadway surrounding rock in deep underground were analyzed including drilling cuttings method, core disking method, stress measuring method, surrounding rock deformation monitoring method, electromagnetic radiation method, acoustic emission method, microseism monitoring method, seism tomography method, etc. A formulation of multi-source and multi-field monitoring system for roadway surrounding rock structure in deep underground was proposed, which was built by use of informatization technology for roadway surrounding rock structure monitoring in deep underground. Key technologies of the informatization technology were expounded form aspects of data perception, collection, transmission and analysis. What's more, some challenges of the informatization technology were discussed including energy supply of sensor nodes in limited environment, unified interaction of heterogeneous sensor and data transmission of time-delay sensitive network.
Multiple input single output magnetic induction through-the-earth communication for emergency rescue
WANG Yanfen, WANG Liang, SUN Yanjing, ZHANG Liang, XU Hua, PAN Dongyue
2019, 45(6): 10-15. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17412
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In order to improve transmission performance and increase transmission distance of magnetic induction through-the-earth communication system, multiple input single output (MISO) magnetic induction through-the-earth communication system was studied. A MISO model was established and KCL equations were built according to Kirchhoff law, so as to get transmitting and receiving power. Path loss of MISO magnetic induction through-the-earth communication system was analyzed. Magnetic induction density of MISO model was researched and signal transmission characteristics of MISO magnetic induction through-the-earth communication system were obtained. The results show that: When transmitting coils have the same current, path loss of MISO model is significantly lower than that of single input single output (SISO) model.The more transmitting coils there are, the smaller the path loss will be. When transmitting power is the same, receiving power is proportional to the number of transmitting coils, and magnetic induction density at receiving end increases with the number of transmitting coils increases. The MISO model can effectively increase transmission distance of magnetic induction through-the-earth communication system. When all transmitting coils have the same current, transmission distance of MISO(1,2) model is about 1.11 times than that of the SISO model, and the transmission distance of MISO(2,2) model is about 1.26 times than that of the SISO model.
Research on wireless magnetic induction communication technology for underwater environment safety monitoring
LI Song, PAN Dongyue, SUN Yanjing, XU Hua, WANG Bin
2019, 45(6): 16-20. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17425
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For application requirements of safety monitoring in complex underwater environment, wireless magnetic induction communication technology was adopted to be information transmission technology. Principle of underwater wireless magnetic induction communication was introduced. Design scheme of an underwater wireless magnetic induction communication platform based on FSK modulation was expounded and communication test was taken out by use of the platform in simulated underwater environment. The test results show that the platform can realize wireless information transmission in underwater environment. The platform using unidirectional antenna will have communication interruption under the condition of changing position or angle of receiving antenna. While the platform using omnidirectional antenna can communicate normally in process of changing position or angle of receiving antenna, which improves communication reliability.
Performance analysis of underground safety monitoring wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.11ah
WANG Qianyu, CHEN Yan, YANG Junqiu, LI Song, SUN Yanjing
2019, 45(6): 21-26. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17424
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In view of need of safety monitoring wireless sensor network in special communication environment of underground coal mine and limitation of access device number and transmission distance of existing safety monitoring wireless sensor network, IEEE 802.11ah was applied to underground safety monitoring wireless sensor network, and NS-3 simulation platform was used to analyze its performances, such as transmission distance, throughput, delay, energy consumption.The analysis results show that the transmission distance of IEEE 802.11ah is much longer than that of traditional WiFi communication technology,and the packet loss rate of IEEE 802.11ah is still 0 when the transmission distance is 600 m. When the number of nodes is small and the network is not saturated, and the channel competition and collision of nodes are not serious, the performance advantages of IEEE 802.11ah in terms of throughput, time delay and energy consumption are not obvious. However,when the number of access nodes is large, IEEE 802.11ah can well guarantee the performances of throughput, time delay, energy consumption. As the number of access nodes increases after network saturated, performance of the traditional WiFi communication technology network continues to drop sharply, performance of IEEE 802.11ah declines less and becomes gradually stable. In addition, performance of IEEE 802.11ah network uplink data transmission is related to selection of restricted access window parameters, accurate selection of restricted access window parameters can better exploit performance advantages of underground safety monitoring wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.11ah.
Maintenance guidance system of mine-used equipments based on mixed reality
ZHANG Xuhui, ZHANG Yumeng, WANG Miaoyun, DU Yuyang, XIE Nan, JU Jiashan
2019, 45(6): 27-31. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010076
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In view of low maintenance efficiency and long cycle caused by insufficient on-site maintenance knowledge and professional guidance for mine-used equipments, and virtual reality and augmented reality technologies are generally realized on head mounted device, mobile phones or tablet computers with good mobility, but users can only rely on interactive handle and touch screen to interact, and visual experience lacks authenticity, a maintenance guidance system of mine-used equipments based on mixed reality was designed. Based on Unity3D virtual reality platform, the system adopts mixed reality device HoloLens to real-timely display maintenance instruction schemes, which realizes functions of virtual simulation of mine-used equipments principle, equipments management based on QR code, equipments maintenance guidance and remote expert collaboration. HoloLens visually presents maintenance instructions to maintenance personnel through virtual text, virtual device models, animations and voice prompts. Maintenance personnel can interact with HoloLens through line-of-sight tracking, voice interaction and gesture recognition. Application example of shearer gear wear fault maintenance guidance verifies practicality and effectiveness of the system.
Mine personnel positioning accuracy verification system based on Hall sensing
YE Guoqing, BAO Jianjun, LI Yabin, LUO Ke, WANG Jun
2019, 45(6): 32-36. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010053
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In view of problems of low automation degree and high time and labor cost of static test method of mine personnel positioning accuracy, a mine personnel positioning accuracy verification system based on Hall sensing was proposed. The system uses public UDP interface to interface with different types of positioning base stations of different manufacturers, uses proprietary UDP interface to transmit related ranging messages of Hall sensing device, and uses production-consumption model to collect, parse and store communication data. The Hall ranging result is used as the reference data, and the node positioning distance information collected by positioning base station is compared in real time, so as to verify accuracy of the positioning system. The test results show that the minimum ranging error rate of the system itself is 0.80%, the maximum error rate is 3.30%, and the average error rate is 1.38%, which is much lower than the 5% error rate allowed by the personnel positioning accuracy verification system. The results of accuracy verification application example show that the system can effectively verify the accuracy of positioning system.
Wireless data transmission node for informatization upgrade of coal mine equipment
WAN Xuefen, CUI Jian, YANG Yi, SARDAR Muhammad Sohail
2019, 45(6): 37-41. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019030037
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In view of shortcomings of existing coal mine wireless data transmission technologies, such as significant multipath effect, short transmission distance, poor noise resistance and low sensitivity, and demand for large-scale equipment information interconnection in coal industry, a wireless data transmission node for informatization upgrade of coal mine equipment was designed. The node establishes a reliable wireless data channel between devices through LoRa-CSS technology, uses PSoC, a programmable system-on-chip based on IP core structure, to flexibly adapt data interfaces of various coal mine equipments, and uses unified normalized data format for command and data information interaction. The electromagnetic isolation characteristic test results show that the node has strong isolation characteristic and is not affected by impact voltage, and can effectively reduce short-time high-intensity surge signal to the value below device tolerance. The actual application results show that the data communication between each node and the host computer and the coal mine equipments is ideal, and the node can effectively construct a stable data transmission channel from the central station to the equipment.
Construction of knowledge graph of coal mine roadway support field
WU Xuefeng, ZHAO Zhikai, WANG Li, ZHAI Bo, WANG Weilong
2019, 45(6): 42-46. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019030013
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In view of problems of limited knowledge content, difficult knowledge fusion and sharing, and inability to mining related knowledge from unstructured data existed in coal mine roadway support expert system, a knowledge graph of coal mine roadway support field was constructed. Firstly, knowledge of coal mine roadway support field is modeled by designing field concept, relationship and attribute. Then, knowledge is acquired from structured, semi-structured and unstructured data sources of coal mine roadway support field, and entity recognition is carried out based on deep learning model BI-LSTM-CRF. Finally, knowledge graph of coal mine roadway support field is formed by using graph database Neo4j to store knowledge of coal mine roadway support field. The knowledge graph of coal mine roadway support field can further improve efficiency of roadway support design and management, and provide knowledge support for intelligent management of coal mine roadway support.
Mine cable state maintenance method based on information fusio
HU Yuanyuan, LI Lele
2019, 45(6): 47-51. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010064
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In view of problems of low accuracy of online monitoring method of mine cable using single parameter, and that monitoring method using multi-parameter does not carry out weight distribution and information fusion based on expert experience, a mine cable state maintenance method based on information fusion was proposed. Distributed sensors are used to real-timely monitor surface temperature, grounding current of cable sheath and partial discharge during cable operation. Preliminary fusion diagnosis for multi-source information is carried out according to fuzzy theory. The fusion results are used as identification framework and evidence body of D-S evidence theory.The weight of each operating parameter is determined based on expert experience, and reasonable reliability function allocation value of the evidence theory is determined combined with the preliminary diagnosis results, then the working state of the tested cable is judged according to the maximum reliability criterion. The example analysis result proves that the method can effectively integrate multi-source information of mine cable and improve accuracy of fault diagnosis.
Research on combined positioning method of shearer onfully mechanized mining face of thin coal seam
ZHOU Kaiping
2019, 45(6): 52-57. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010096
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In order to solve problems of real-time positioning and automatic navigation of shearer, a combined positioning method of shearer on fully mechanized mining face of thin coal seam was proposed for difficulty of meeting requirements of rapid, real-time and accurate positioning of shearer by using a single positioning technology. An inertial navigation parameter calculation system composed of accelerometer and gyroscope is used to measure three-axis acceleration and triaxial angular velocity data of shearer. These data are collected by sensors and then transmitted to the explosion-proof computer set in the intake entry through a serial port. The attitude matrix is solved by mathematical calculation, and the collected information is converted to angular velocity and acceleration in the coordinate system through the attitude matrix. The navigation information of position, speed, attitude of the shearer were obtained by integral calculation. In order to reduce cumulative errors caused by inertial navigation, a precise geographic model of fully mechanized mining face was established, and a reference digital map of shearer's trajectory was formed. Map matching technology is used to further improve accuracy of shearer's autonomous positioning. The simulation results prove reliability of the method.
Research on effective drainage radius and rational borehole spacing of parallel boreholes
SANG Naiwen, YANG Shengqiang, SONG Yawei
2019, 45(6): 58-62. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010048
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In order to determine rational borehole spacing of parallel boreholes for gas drainage, a fluid-solid coupling model of gas drainage was established by deducing gas migration equation of coal seam, deformation equation of coal and rock, and coupling equation of seepage field and stress field. According to actual geological conditions of 21219 working face in a mine, variation law of gas pressure and effective drainage radius under influence of drainage superposition effect between parallel boreholes were numerically simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics software, and rational borehole spacing was obtained by combining with effective drainage radius of borehole. The numerical simulation results show that gas pressure of coal body after drainage increases with the increase of borehole spacing. As the distance between coal body and borehole decreases, gas pressure of coal body decreases slowly at first and then decreases rapidly. With the increase of drainage time, gas pressure decreases continuously and effective drainage radius increases. The field application results verify rationality of borehole spacing arrangement.
Research on parallel interleaved DC/DC converter applied to mine electric locomotive
ZHU Longji, WU Zhonglan, ZHENG Changlu
2019, 45(6): 63-68. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010089
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In view of problems of low conversion efficiency, easy damage of switching devices and inapplicable to super capacitors of non-isolated converters currently used in mine electric locomotive, a parallel interleaved DC/DC converter applied to mine electric locomotive was introduced. At the low voltage side, a parallel interleaving structure is proposed to charge the capacitor and reduce current ripple; At the high voltage side, two capacitors are connected in series by adding a switch tube to increase buck-boost gain. Working process of the converter under boost drive mode and buck charging mode are described. The voltage/current double closed-loop step-up and constant current limit charging controller are designed. The experimental results show that the parallel interleaved DC/DC converter can effectively improve the performance of the electric locomotive in DC conversion.
Coal mine underground localization method based on wireless access point selectio
JI Peng, ZHAO Peipei, SONG Mingzhi, ZHANG Kena
2019, 45(6): 69-72. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2018120057
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For problem of low localization accuracy of quantum particle swarm optimization-sequence based localization (QPSO-SBL) method, a wireless access point(AP) selection algorithm based on information gain was used to optimize QPSO-SBL method, and a coal mine underground localization method based on wireless AP selection was proposed. In the method, all APs are ranked in descending order according to comprehensive identifiability of AP, and the first k APs are chosen to form an available AP set. The available AP set is considered as input of QPSO-SBL method, and localization results are obtained by QPSO-SBL method. The test results show that compared with QPSO-SBL method, the average localization error of the coal mine underground localization method based on wireless AP selection is reduced by 10.2% with stronger stability and better localization effect.
Research on failure characteristics of floor heave and support technology in coal roadway
ZHANG Yuxu, WANG Ke
2019, 45(6): 73-79. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2018120025
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In view of problem of floor heave failure in coal seam roadway, taking 53082 roadway of a mine as the research object, the stress state, displacement distribution and failure form of surrounding rock during the roadway excavation were analyzed and studied by UDEC discrete element simulation software. The results show that under relatively large horizontal tectonic stress, the weak coal seam of roadway floor 53082 becomes the main area of stress release, and the main failure characteristics are shallow tensile failure and deep shear failure. In view of problem that the original support scheme of roadway 53082 can not control the floor displacement and causes serious floor heave, a combined support mode of floor grouting and anchor bolt and cable was put forward through simulation analysis of support effect of different floor support schemes. The test results show that the combined support mode of floor grouting and anchor bolt and cable is superior to the single support mode of anchor bolt and cable, and greatly improves stress state of floor, and restrains the shear failure of deep floor, the displacement of roof and floor is controlled within 150 mm, the displacement of two sides is controlled within 60 mm, and the control effect of surrounding rock of roadway is better.
Research on time series prediction method of gas data on fully mechanized mining face
ZHAO Meicheng, HE Anmin, QU Shijia
2019, 45(6): 80-85. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17421
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In view of problems of complex algorithm and short prediction step length of existing gas concentration prediction methods based on time series, a time series prediction method of gas data on fully mechanized mining face based on ARIMA+GARCH combination model was proposed according to randomness and timing of historical monitoring data of gas concentration. Firstly, an ARIMA prediction model is established, and then the gas concentration data is smoothed and the parameter estimation of the model is determined. After the reliability of the prediction model is passed the test, the GARCH model is used to simulate fitting residual error of ARIMA for the mean regression problem existed in the prediction process of ARIMA model. The simulated results are used as the noise term of prediction in ARIMA to optimize the prediction result. The test results show that the gas concentration prediction methods based on ARIMA+GARCH combined model can reflect the change trend of the true value of gas concentration, and the mean absolute deviation, mean absolute percent error, standard deviation error and mean squared error are all small, and has high prediction accuracy.
Research on coal mine safety hidden danger management based on complex network analysis
TAN Zhanglu, CHEN Xiaoci
2019, 45(6): 86-90. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010017
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In view of problems of various coal mine safety hidden danger factors and complex relationship among different hidden danger factors, based on coal mine safety hidden danger data of Sima Coal Mining Co., Ltd. of Lu'an Group during 2009-2015, operation department, hidden danger location and hidden danger type were regarded as independent nodes, and time interval was divided according to hidden danger date, so as to display relationship between hidden danger type and hidden danger location, and hidden danger type and operation department within a specific time interval in form of complex network. The complex network indexes such as network density, centralization and centrality were used to analyze dynamic changes of the whole network structure and nodes in the network, so as to identify core hidden danger type and related hidden danger location and operation department that need to be focused on, and provide effective guidance for coal mine safety management.
Fault diagnosis of mine hoist deceleration system based on fuzzy Petri net
MENG Xiangang, YU Xiao, LI Xiaojing
2019, 45(6): 91-95. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2018120059
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In view of problems that the diagnosis process of existing fault diagnosis methods of mine hoist is complicated and its model is not intuitive, which cannot fully reflect the fuzziness and transitivity of fault of mine hoist, a fault diagnosis method of mine hoist deceleration system based on fuzzy Petri net was proposed. The fuzzy Petri net model of hoist fault was established, and corresponding recursive state equation was used to find out sorting of fault probability fuzzy value in the system combining with the matrix operation, and fault troubleshooting can be performed according to the sorting of the fault probability. The method can simultaneously consider the transitivity and fuzziness of the fault with clear model and the intuitive structure, it can quickly find out cause of the fault and effectively improve efficiency of fault diagnosis of mine hoist deceleration system. The example analysis results prove feasibility of the method.
Detection system of miners' wearable security equipments based on SSD-MobileNet
ZHANG Chuntang, GUAN Licong
2019, 45(6): 96-100. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019010071
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In view of problems of supervision difficulties caused by complexity of mine personnel flow, and that security equipments cannot be effectively worn due to weak safety awareness of underground personnel, a detection system of miners' wearable security equipments based on SSD-MobileNet was designed. Feature extraction network VGG16 of SSD algorithm is replaced by MobileNet network to construct SSD-MobileNet algorithm model. Photo data set of miners' wearable security equipments is made according to VOC2007 data set standard and used to train the SSD-MobileNet algorithm model. The SSD-MobileNet algorithm is used to identify eight wearable security equipments for miners (hardhats, dust masks, overalls, work boots, flashlights, self-rescuing devices, positioning cards, anti-back clamps). The highest confidence of photos of miner with multiple angles is used for comprehensive determination of whether a security equipment is worn and the highest confidence threshold is set at 75%. The test results show that the system can detect wearing condition of miners' security equipments in real time and accurately, and has good stability and anti-interference.
Pumping pillar technology of fully mechanized caving face passing through abandoned roadway
HAO Yuhui, KANG Guanxian
2019, 45(6): 101-104. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2018120076
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Existing working face passing through abandoned roadway based on traditional support methods cannot adapt to changeable geological conditions well. Based on research background of 8103 fully mechanized caving face of Yongdingzhuang Coal Industry Co., Ltd. of Datong Coal Mine Group, basic roof deformation characteristics of the fully mechanized caving face passing through abandoned roadway were analyzed theoretically, and pumping pillar technology of fully mechanized caving face passing through abandoned roadway was put forward. The numerical simulation results show that with distance decreasing between working face and abandoned roadway, vertical stress of surrounding rock in abandoned roadway supported by pumping pillar changes from "double peak" to "single peak" and then "double peak", and convergence of surrounding rock increases firstly and then tends to be stable, which indicate that the pumping pillar can withstand advancing abutment stress of the face and ensure safety of the face passing through abandoned roadway. The technology has been successfully applied in field with good stability of surrounding rock. The maximum convergence between roof and floor is 282 mm, and that between two side walls is 152 mm.
Design of remote monitoring system for coalbed methane truck-mounted drilling rig
ZHAO Liang
2019, 45(6): 105-108. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019030036
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In view of problems of poor universality, inconvenient installation and weak anti-interference ability of communication existed in current remote monitoring system of drilling rig, a remote monitoring system for coalbed methane truck-mounted drilling rig was designed. The system consists of vehicle terminal, back-end server and monitoring and management platform. The vehicle terminal collects real-time running status data of drilling rig through CAN bus, and uploads the data to the back-end server through TCP/IP protocol. The monitoring and management platform adopts B/S architecture to access the back-end server data through HTTP protocol and displays running status of drilling rig. The application results verify effectiveness of the system.

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