Abstract: In view of problems of long setup time of communication link, bad voice quality and unable for online existed in common rescue communication telephone for emergency rescue, the paper proposed a design scheme of underground wireless communication system based on Mesh multi-hop and FHSS. The scheme uses backbone routing nodes and relay routing nodes to build basic structure of Mesh multi-hop, meanwhile uses multi-radio and multi-channel technology to improve capacity, multi-hop times and coverage ranges of multi-hop subsystem. For solving problems of technologies of multi-frequency antenna and wireless routing with different frequency, the scheme uses improved minimum cost routing algorithm to ensure wireless transportation select the best routing link under condition of enhancing of underground uncertain factors. The test result shows that the system can send related underground information to surface rescue and command center, and can realize direct communication and communication command between surface rescue and command center and rescuer with higher ability of emergency rescue.