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分层开采下分层大断面开切眼顶板稳定性评估

柴敬 乔钰 高士岗 高登彦 陈苏社 吕情绪 杜文刚 韩志成

柴敬,乔钰,高士岗,等. 分层开采下分层大断面开切眼顶板稳定性评估[J]. 工矿自动化,2022,48(5):21-31.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021110029
引用本文: 柴敬,乔钰,高士岗,等. 分层开采下分层大断面开切眼顶板稳定性评估[J]. 工矿自动化,2022,48(5):21-31.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021110029
CHAI Jing, QIAO Yu, GAO Shigang, et al. Roof stability evaluation of large section open-off cut in lower slice of slicing mining[J]. Journal of Mine Automation,2022,48(5):21-31.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021110029
Citation: CHAI Jing, QIAO Yu, GAO Shigang, et al. Roof stability evaluation of large section open-off cut in lower slice of slicing mining[J]. Journal of Mine Automation,2022,48(5):21-31.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021110029

分层开采下分层大断面开切眼顶板稳定性评估

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021110029
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41027002)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    柴敬(1964—),男,宁夏平罗人,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事采矿工程、实验岩石力学及光纤传感方面的研究工作,E-mail:chaij@xust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TD325

Roof stability evaluation of large section open-off cut in lower slice of slicing mining

  • 摘要: 为了研究分层开采下分层工作面大断面开切眼顶煤稳定性问题,以大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井1−2煤层下分层203开切眼顶煤的14个钻孔为研究背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场钻孔窥视分析了上分层开采与下分层开切眼掘进对开切眼顶煤塑性区的影响,并通过岩体完整性指数对顶板结构稳定性进行评价。从顶煤结构形态来看,由于上分层开采造成开切眼顶煤局部超挖或欠挖现象,开切眼的最大超挖量为1.2 m,最大欠挖量为0.8 m,顶煤不平整率为27.7%。理论分析结果表明:受上分层开切眼顶煤采动影响,底煤塑性区深度为2.02 m;受下分层开切眼掘进扰动影响,顶煤塑性区深度为1.50 m。钻孔窥视结果表明:将开切眼顶煤塑性区分别按理论计算和钻孔窥视划分为理论塑性区与实测塑性区,上分层采动影响造成的底板实测塑性区深度范围为1.06~2.04 m,下分层开切眼掘进扰动影响造成的顶煤实测塑性区深度范围为0.34~1.50 m,上分层采动影响造成的底板实测塑性区比理论塑性区平均小17.63%,下分层开切眼掘进扰动造成的顶煤实测塑性区比理论塑性区平均小25.82%。数值模拟分析结果表明:上分层采动影响造成的底煤塑性区深度范围为1~2 m,下分层开切眼掘进扰动影响造成的顶煤塑性区深度为1 m。上述3者所得结果一致性程度较高。开切眼顶煤稳定性评价结果表明:顶煤完整性指数范围为42.9%~87.9%,顶煤厚度与完整性指数呈正相关,与裂隙发育呈负相关,顶煤完整性评价为良好以上的占比超过1/2,说明顶煤整体结构基本完整。该研究结果可为分层开采下分层大断面开切眼同类工矿条件的顶煤厚度留设及支护方案设计提供参考。

     

  • 图  1  1−2下203开切眼布置

    Figure  1.  1−2203 open-off cut layout

    图  2  开切眼钻孔布置

    Figure  2.  Borehole peeping layout of open-off cut

    图  3  顶煤结构形态

    Figure  3.  Top coal structure aspect graph

    图  4  顶煤厚度区间分布

    Figure  4.  Interval distribution of top coal thickness

    图  5  1号测站钻孔窥视全景

    Figure  5.  Borehole peep panorama of station No.1

    图  6  顶煤钻孔窥视裂隙发育分布

    Figure  6.  Distribution of fracture development in top coal borehole peeping

    图  7  全段钻孔裂隙数分布

    Figure  7.  Distribution of fracture number in whole section of borehole peeping

    图  8  顶煤理论塑性区范围与实测塑性区范围划分

    Figure  8.  Division of theoretical plastic zone and mearsured plastic zone of top coal

    图  9  411号塑性区边界

    Figure  9.  Plastic zone 411 boundary

    图  10  顶煤两侧塑性区范围与弹性区划分

    Figure  10.  Division of plastic zone and elastic zone on both sides of top coal

    图  11  上分层开采对顶煤影响

    Figure  11.  Influence of disturbance of upper slice mining on top coal

    图  12  开切眼掘进对顶煤塑性区影响

    Figure  12.  Influence of open-off cut driving tunneling on the plastic area of top coal

    图  13  顶煤厚度与完整性指数关系

    Figure  13.  Relationship between top coal thickness and integrity index

    图  14  顶煤结构发育程度占比

    Figure  14.  Percentage of top coal structure development

    表  1  岩石力学参数

    Table  1.   Rock mechanics parameter

    地质参数体积模
    量/GPa
    剪切模
    量/GPa
    内聚力/
    MPa
    抗拉强
    度/MPa
    摩擦角/(°)容重/
    (kN·m−3
    中粒砂岩1.10.8320.63725.8
    粗粒砂岩1.40.962.50.753425.6
    11煤层0.430.340.60.32814.3
    12煤层0.430.340.60.32814.3
    细粒砂岩0.670.482.42.164232.58
    粉砂岩1.431.122.751.843824.6
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  开切眼顶煤与1−2煤层力学参数

    Table  2.   Mechanical parameters of top coal in the open-off cut and 1−2 coal seam

    力学参数弹性模量/GPa抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa
    1−2煤层参考值1.8~3.520~401.4~5
    顶煤实验力学值0.96~2.643.9~14.50.86~2.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同结构类型所对应的$ \alpha $

    Table  3.   The α coefficients corresponding to different structural types

    结构类型岩体块度尺寸/m$ \alpha $
    整体状>1.01.0
    块状0.6~1.00.8
    层状0.3~0.60.5
    碎裂状0.1~0.30.2
    散体状<0.10.1
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-11-12
  • 修回日期:  2022-04-02
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-03-23

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