厚硬顶板多煤层开采煤柱型冲击显现分析

杨伟; 兰世瑞; 李振雷; 张传玖; 李红平; 钟涛平; 宋大钊; 周超

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021050071

厚硬顶板多煤层开采煤柱型冲击显现分析

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021050071

1. 国家能源集团新疆能源有限责任公司宽沟煤矿, 新疆昌吉 831100;
2. 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（52011530037）。

详细信息

作者简介:
杨伟(1988-),男,安徽淮北人,高级工程师,主要从事冲击地压监测预警与防治相关工作,E-mail:583052929@qq.com。

中图分类号: TD324
计量
- 文章访问数: 149
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 11
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-29
- 修回日期: 2022-01-30
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-01

Analysis of coal pillar rock burst appearance in multi-seam mining with thick and hard roof

1. Kuangou Coal Mine, CHN Energy Xinjiang Energy Co., Ltd., Changji 831100, China;
2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 现有研究只是针对特定条件下的冲击显现特征进行分析，缺乏对厚硬顶板条件下煤柱诱发冲击显现的研究。针对该问题，以新疆某矿I010203工作面为研究对象，采用现场监测、数值模拟手段，分析了厚硬顶板多煤层开采条件下的工作面冲击显现特征及原因。通过分析现场监测的微震大能量事件空间分布规律、支架压力分布特征，以及数值模拟的工作面回采期间围岩应力分布特征，得出结论：工作面运输巷区域应力集中程度和微震事件密集程度均高于回风巷区域，顶板与煤层区域应力集中程度与微震事件密集程度大于底板区域。基于上述结果，采用动静载叠加诱冲理论分析了I010203工作面开采过程中煤柱型冲击显现原因：① 运输巷区段煤柱上方易产生侧向悬顶，长悬顶突然破断并产生大量动载荷，同时在开采过程中煤柱和顶板积聚了大量静载荷，当两者叠加超过临界载荷时可能造成工作面冲击显现或大能量事件；I010203工作面回采过程中受煤柱集中应力、上覆顶板及围岩支承应力等主控因素影响，易产生煤柱型、厚硬顶板垮落型冲击显现。② 当工作面回采位置逐渐接近"刀把形"采空区边界时，边界应力向下传递至I010203工作面，从而导致I010203工作面冲击危险性进一步增大。
- 冲击显现 /
- 厚硬顶板 /
- 多煤层 /
- 煤柱型冲击 /
- 微震监测 /
- 支架压力 /
- 围岩应力 /
- 大能量事件 /
- "刀把形"采空区 /
- 动静载叠加诱冲
Abstract: The existing research only analyzes the rock burst appearance characteristics under specific conditions, lacks research on the rock burst appearance induced by coal pillar under the condition of thick and hard roof. In order to solve this problem, taking I010203 working face of a mine in Xinjiang as the research object, the paper analyzes the characteristics and causes of working face rock burst under the condition of thick and hard roof multi-seam mining by means of field monitoring and numerical simulation. By analyzing the spatial distribution law of microseismic and large energy events monitored on site, the distribution characteristics of support pressure, and the distribution characteristics of surrounding rock stress during the mining of the working face simulated by numerical simulation, this paper obtained the following results. The stress concentration and the microseismic event density in the transport roadway area of the working face are higher than those in the return air roadway area. And the stress concentration and microseismic event density in the roof and coal seam area are higher than those in the floor area. Based on the above results, the causes of coal pillar rock burst appearance in the mining process of I010203 working face are analyzed by using rock burst caused by dynamic and static combined load theory. ① It is easy to produce lateral overhanging roof above the coal pillar in the transport roadway section. The sudden breaking of the long overhanging roof generates a large amount of dynamic loads. At the same time, a large amount of static loads accumulate on the coal pillars and the roof during the mining process. When the superposition of the two exceeds the critical load, it may cause the rock burst appearance of the working face or a large energy event. The mining process of the I010203 working face mainly includes the main controlling factors such as coal pillar concentrated stress, overlying roof and surrounding rock supporting stress. Therefore, it is easy to produce coal pillar type and thick hard roof caving type rock burst appearance. ② When the mining position of the working face gradually approaches the boundary of the ‘knife shape’ goaf, the boundary stress is transferred downward to the I010203 working face, which leads to the further increase of the rock burst risk of the I010203 working face.
- rock burst appearance /
- thick and hard roof /
- multi-seammining /
- coal pillar type rock burst /
- microseismic monitoring /
- support pressure /
- surrounding rock stress /
- large energy events /
- ‘knife shape’ goaf /
- rock burst caused by dynamic and static combined

HTML全文

参考文献(16)

[1]	蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002. CAI Meifeng. Rock Mechanics and Engineering[M]. Beijing: Science Press,2002.
[2]	LI Zhenlei,HE Xueqiu,DOU Linming,et al. Numerical investigation of load shedding and rockburst reduction effects of top-coal caving mining in thick coal seams[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2018,110:266-278.
[3]	LI Zhenlei,HE Xueqiu,DOU Linming,et al. Comparison of rockburst occurrence during extraction of thick coal seams using top-coal caving versus slicing mining methods[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2018,55(10):1433-1450.
[4]	HE Shengquan,SONG Dazhao,LI Zhenlei,et al. Mechanism and prevention of rockburst in steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams for fully mechanized top-coal caving mining and under gob filling conditions[J].Energies,2020,13(6):1362.
[5]	李新华,张向东.浅埋煤层坚硬直接顶破断诱发冲击地压机理及防治[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(2): 510-517. LI Xinhua,ZHANG Xiangdong.Mechanism and prevention of rock-burst induced by immediate roof breakage in shallow-buried coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(2):510-517.
[6]	吕进国,姜耀东,李守国,等.巨厚坚硬顶板条件下断层诱冲特征及机制[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(10): 1961-1969. LYU Jinguo,JIANG Yaodong,LI Shouguo,et al. Characteristics and mechanism research of coal bumps induced by faults based on extra thick and hard roof[J].Journal of China Coal Society, 2014,39(10):1961-1969.
[7]	李振雷,窦林名,王桂峰,等.坚硬顶板孤岛煤柱工作面冲击特征及机制分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):519-524. LI Zhenlei,DOU Linming,WANG Guifeng,et al. Rock burst characteristics and mechanism induced within an island pillar coalface with hard roof[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2014,31(4):519-524.
[8]	窦桂东,贾增林,高永刚,等.厚硬顶板工作面采动影响下巷道群区域防冲卸压技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2021,47(12):32-38. DOU Guidong,JIA Zenglin,GAO Yonggang,et al. Research on regional anti-burst and pressure relief technology of roadway group affected by mining in thick and hard roof working face[J]. Industry and Mine Automation, 2021,47(12):32-38.
[9]	姜福兴,王玉霄,李明,等.上保护层煤柱引发被保护层冲击机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(9): 1689-1696. JIANG Fuxing,WANG Yuxiao,LI Ming,et al. Mechanism of rockburst occurring in protected coal seam induced by coal pillar of protective coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017,39(9):1689-1696.
[10]	李康.上覆残采煤层不均衡空间结构冲击致灾研究[J].煤炭科学技术, 2021,49(12):58-66. LI Kang.Study on disaster caused by unbalanced spatial structure impact of overlying residual coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology, 2021,19(12):58-66.
[11]	李振雷,何学秋,窦林名.综放覆岩破断诱发冲击地压的防治方法与实践[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2018,47(1):162-171. LI Zhenlei,HE Xueqiu,DOU Linming.Control measures and practice of rock burst induced by overburden fracture in top-coal mining[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2018,47(1):162-171.
[12]	谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010. XIE Heping,JU Yang,LI Liyun.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[13]	李振雷.厚煤层综放开采的降载减冲原理及其工程实践[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2016. LI Zhenlei.Principle and application of rockburst control by weakening static and dynamic loading using top-coal caving in the mining of thick coal seams[J].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2016.
[14]	杨俊哲,郑凯歌,王振荣,等.坚硬顶板动力灾害超前弱化治理技术[J].煤炭学报,2020,45(10): 3371-3379. YANG Junzhe,ZHENG Kaige,WANG Zhenrong,et al.Technology of weakening and danger-breaking dynamic disasters by hard roof[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2020,45(10):3371-3379.
[15]	窦林名,李振雷,何学秋.厚煤层综放开采的降载减冲原理及其应用研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):221-230. DOU Linming,LI Zhenlei,HE Xueqiu.Principle of rockburst control by weakening static and dynamic loading using top-coal caving in the mining of thick coal seams[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2018,47(2):221-230.
[16]	杨俊哲,郑凯歌.厚煤层综放开采覆岩动力灾害原理及防治技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2020,37(4):750-758. YANG Junzhe,ZHENG Kaige.The mechanism of overburden dynamic disasters and its control technology in top-coal caving in the mining of thick coal seams[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2020,37(4):750-758.