留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

深部掘进巷道爆破卸压防治冲击地压技术

马文涛 马小辉 吕大钊 王冰 朱刚亮

马文涛,马小辉,吕大钊,等. 深部掘进巷道爆破卸压防治冲击地压技术[J]. 工矿自动化,2022,48(1):117-122.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021030088
引用本文: 马文涛,马小辉,吕大钊,等. 深部掘进巷道爆破卸压防治冲击地压技术[J]. 工矿自动化,2022,48(1):117-122.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021030088
MA Wentao, MA Xiaohui, LYU Dazhao, et al. Blasting pressure relief technology for preventing rock burst in deep heading roadway[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2022,48(1):117-122.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021030088
Citation: MA Wentao, MA Xiaohui, LYU Dazhao, et al. Blasting pressure relief technology for preventing rock burst in deep heading roadway[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2022,48(1):117-122.  doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021030088

深部掘进巷道爆破卸压防治冲击地压技术

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2021030088
基金项目: “科技助力经济2020”重点专项项目(SQ2020YFF0426364)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    马文涛(1995—),男,山西文水人,硕士,主要从事煤矿冲击地压防治方面的工作,E-mail:1412225958@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: TD324

Blasting pressure relief technology for preventing rock burst in deep heading roadway

  • 摘要: 针对深部掘进巷道采用大直径钻孔卸压防治冲击地压存在卸压强度低、卸压不及时、劳动强度大等问题,以陕西彬长矿区孟村煤矿401103回撤通道为工程背景,分析了冲击地压发生主控因素,认为煤岩层强冲击倾向性、大埋深、断层构造是诱发冲击地压的主要原因:煤岩层具有强冲击倾向性使得煤岩系统具备发生冲击地压的能力;工作面埋深大导致集中静载荷水平处于高位,降低了冲击地压发生门槛;主承载区高集中静载荷叠加断层能量积聚释放的集中动载荷,极易诱发冲击启动,进而导致冲击地压显现。利用爆破卸压防治冲击地压作用表现为结构重建、应力释放及能量消耗:对掘进巷道围岩支承压力峰值区域实施爆破致裂可在巷道围岩内形成卸压保护带,从而降低煤岩冲击倾向性、削弱高集中应力、增加冲击能量消耗,达到降低冲击地压风险的目的。针对401103回撤通道提出了顶板、掘进工作面、帮部爆破卸压方案,并采用震波CT探测及微震监测对卸压防冲效果进行检验,结果表明:采用爆破卸压方案后,高应力区面积减少了50%,应力集中程度明显降低;微震事件平均能量显著下降,均小于104 J,且微震事件能量无急剧变化,卸压效果良好。

     

  • 图  1  401103工作面顶底板岩层柱状图

    Figure  1.  Histogram of roof and floor strata of 401103 working face

    图  2  401103工作面巷道布置

    Figure  2.  Roadway layout of 401103 working face

    图  3  地音监测危险等级分布

    Figure  3.  Hazard level distribution of ground sound monitoring

    图  4  断层构造影响区冲击地压发生机制

    Figure  4.  Mechanism of rock burst in fault structure affected area

    图  5  爆破致裂分区特征

    Figure  5.  Characteristics of blasting cracking zone

    图  6  卸压保护带

    Figure  6.  Pressure relief protection zone

    图  7  爆破卸压前后应力分布

    Figure  7.  Stress distribution before and after blasting pressure relief

    图  8  顶板爆破孔布置

    Figure  8.  Layout of blasting holes in roof

    图  9  掘进工作面爆破孔布置

    Figure  9.  Layout of blasting holes in heading face

    图  10  帮部爆破孔布置

    Figure  10.  Layout of blasting holes in two sides

    图  11  爆破卸压前后冲击危险区域分布

    Figure  11.  Distribution of impact risk area before and after blasting pressure relief

    图  12  爆破卸压前后微震事件平均能量变化

    Figure  12.  Average energy variation of microseismic events before and after blasting pressure relief

  • [1] 姜耀东, 潘一山, 姜福兴, 等. 我国煤炭开采中的冲击地压机理和防治[J]. 煤炭学报,2014,39(2):205-213.

    JIANG Yaodong, PAN Yishan, JIANG Fuxing, et al. State of the art review on mechanism and prevention of coal bumps in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):205-213.
    [2] 窦林名, 陆菜平, 牟宗龙, 等. 冲击矿压的强度弱化减冲理论及其应用[J]. 煤炭学报,2005,30(5):690-694.

    DOU Linming, LU Caiping, MOU Zonglong, et al. Intensity weakening theory for rockburst and its application[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(5):690-694.
    [3] 康红普, 姜鹏飞, 高富强, 等. 掘进工作面围岩稳定性分析及快速成巷技术途径[J]. 煤炭学报,2021,46(7):2023-2045.

    KANG Hongpu, JIANG Pengfei, GAO Fuqiang, et al. Analysis on stability of rock surrounding heading faces and technical approaches for rapid heading[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2021,46(7):2023-2045.
    [4] 亢晓涛. 孟村煤矿巷道冲击地压诱发机制与防控技术研究[D]. 西安: 西安科技大学, 2019.

    KANG Xiaotao. Research on inducing mechanism and prevevtion and control technology of rock burst in excavation roadway in Mengcun Coal Mine[D]. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 2019.
    [5] 宫凤强, 潘俊锋, 江权. 岩爆和冲击地压的差异解析及深部工程地质灾害关键机理问题[J]. 工程地质学报,2021,29(4):933-961.

    GONG Fengqiang, PAN Junfeng, JIANG Quan. The difference analysis of rock burst and coal burst and key mechanisms of deep engineering geological hazards[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2021,29(4):933-961.
    [6] 马文涛, 潘俊锋, 刘少虹, 等. 煤层顶板深孔“钻−切−压”预裂防冲技术试验研究[J]. 工矿自动化,2020,46(1):7-12.

    MA Wentao, PAN Junfeng, LIU Shaohong, et al. Experimental research on "drilling-cutting-fracturing" pre-fracturing to prevent rock burst technology for deep hole of roof of coal seam[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2020,46(1):7-12.
    [7] 王书文, 鞠文君, 潘俊锋, 等. 构造应力场煤巷掘进冲击地压能量分区演化机制[J]. 煤炭学报,2019,44(7):2000-2010.

    WANG Shuwen, JU Wenjun, PAN Junfeng, et al. Mechanism of energy partition evolution of excavation roadway rockburst in coal seam under tectonic stress field[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(7):2000-2010.
    [8] 蓝航, 齐庆新, 潘俊锋, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.

    LAN Hang, QI Qingxin, PAN Junfeng, et al. Analysis on features as well as prevention and control technology of mine strata pressure bumping in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
    [9] 王爱文, 高乾书, 潘一山. 煤层钻孔降倾-控变-耗能防冲机制试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2021,42(5):1230-1244.

    WANG Aiwen, GAO Qianshu, PAN Yishan. Experimental study of rock burst prevention mechanism of bursting liability reduction-deformation control-energy dissipation based on drillhole in coal seam[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2021,42(5):1230-1244.
    [10] 贾传洋, 蒋宇静, 张学朋, 等. 大直径钻孔卸压机理室内及数值试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2017,39(6):1115-1122. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201706018

    JIA Chuanyang, JIANG Yujing, ZHANG Xuepeng, et al. Laboratory and numerical experiments on pressure relief mechanism of large-diameter boreholes[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(6):1115-1122. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201706018
    [11] 李云鹏, 张宏伟, 朱志洁, 等. 冲击危险煤层卸压钻孔安全参数研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2018,28(11):122-128.

    LI Yunpeng, ZHANG Hongwei, ZHU Zhijie, et al. Study on safety parameters of pressure relief borehole in rockburst coal seam[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2018,28(11):122-128.
    [12] 潘俊锋, 宁宇, 毛德兵, 等. 煤矿开采冲击地压启动理论[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):586-596. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2012.03.017

    PAN Junfeng, NING Yu, MAO Debing, et al. Theory of rock burst start-up during coal mining[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):586-596. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2012.03.017
    [13] 潘俊锋. 煤矿冲击地压启动理论及其成套技术体系研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2019,44(1):173-182.

    PAN Junfeng. Theory of rockburst start-up and its complete technology system[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(1):173-182.
    [14] 潘俊锋, 毛德兵, 蓝航, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压防治技术研究现状及展望[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2013,41(6):21-25.

    PAN Junfeng, MAO Debing, LAN Hang, et al. Study status and prospects of mine pressure bumping control technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(6):21-25.
    [15] 张晨阳, 潘俊锋, 夏永学, 等. 底煤厚度对巷道底板冲击地压的影响机制及其应用分析[J]. 煤炭学报,2020,45(12):3984-3994.

    ZHANG Chenyang, PAN Junfeng, XIA Yongxue, et al. Influence mechanism and application analysis of bottom coal layer thickness on floor rock burst[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2020,45(12):3984-3994.
  • 加载中
图(12)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  166
  • HTML全文浏览量:  33
  • PDF下载量:  30
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-03-26
  • 修回日期:  2022-01-04
  • 刊出日期:  2022-01-20

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回