Abstract: For a problem that existing multi-channel allocation algorithms for wireless Mesh network were unable to resolve channel allocation jitter caused by transmission interference in coal mine emergency rescue, a multi-channel allocation algorithm was proposed which was based on hierarchical topology and interference avoiding combining connectivity and interference model of wireless Mesh network. In the algorithm, network topology is layered firstly. The first layers of nodes and edges are determined, and topological distribution of other layers is continued. Then channel allocation is done according to interference condition of each layer. A simulation model was designed. In the simulation model, transmitting distance of wireless Mesh mode is 200 m, interference distance is 500 m, and topology range is 1 000 m×1 000 m. 20 nodes were randomly selected for simulation analysis under the conditions of available channel change and gateway change. The simulation results show that the algorithm improves network throughput and reduces transmission interference in channel allocation which is compared with usual topology structure algorithm.