Abstract: A new coal desulfurization model of dielectric barrier discharge was built, and based on it, factors impacting on effect of desulfurization discharge, including dielectric types, dielectric thickness, gap spacing, supply voltage, power frequency were analyzed by simulation. The best fit solution of various factors was confirmed. Experimental data of coal desulfurization of dielectric barrier discharge was processed and analyzed, and it was found that the experimental results were consistent with the simulation results. Further inferences were made through comparative analysis of the discharge current spectrum and Lissajous waveform: discharge power can be improved through adding of coal; coal desulfurization effect of dielectric barrier discharge is reflected in low-order harmonics.