The essence, goal and technical method of intelligent coal mine data classification and coding
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摘要: 智能化煤矿数据归类与编码是智能化煤矿数据治理与融合共享标准体系的关键组成部分，但目前尚未形成完善的方法论体系，亟待对智能化煤矿数据归类与编码的技术目标、技术原则与关键技术流程等进行深入研究。从分析智能化煤矿高级阶段目标实现进程中数据归类与编码要解决的核心问题出发，阐明了智能化煤矿数据归类与编码的实质：智能化煤矿数据归类与编码是对智能化煤矿信息世界的认识和构建，对智能化煤矿意识世界的优化和映射，以及对智能化煤矿物理世界的改造和描述。从总体战略目标、经营战略目标和职能战略目标3个层面分析了智能化煤矿数据归类与编码的目标要求：智能化煤矿数据归类与编码要推动煤炭企业商业模式重塑，改变价值创造驱动模式，聚焦关键价值活动，实现智能化煤矿数据的科学组织。提出了智能化煤矿数据归类与编码需要遵循科学性、规范性、完整性、唯一性、有效性的基本原则。给出了智能化煤矿数据归类与编码基本思路：智能化煤矿宜采用“基准−扩展”两阶段的数据归类思路，即第1阶段采用“业务域−数据域−对象−属性−数据元”的逻辑顺序确定智能化煤矿数据的归类基准，第2阶段采用“智能应用体系−智能业务系统−系统功能−数据资源”的逻辑顺序进行数据归类校验和补充；智能化煤矿数据编码宜采用线分类的层次编码方法。基于上述基本思路，指出智能化煤矿数据归类与编码总体上需要关注确定业务域、确定数据域、识别对象类、抽取对象类属性、定义数据元5个关键步骤。Abstract: Intelligent coal mine data classification and coding is a key part of intelligent coal mine data governance and fusion sharing standard system. However, there is no perfect methodology system. It is urgent to deeply study the technical objectives, technical principles and key technical processes of intelligent coal mine data classification and coding. Based on the analysis of the core problems to be solved in the process of data classification and coding in the advanced stage goal realization of the intelligent coal mine, the essence of intelligent coal mine data classification and coding is expounded. Intelligent coal mine data classification and coding is the recognition and construction of the intelligent coal mine information world, the optimization and mapping of the intelligent coal mine consciousness world, and the transformation and description of the intelligent coal mine physical world. This paper analyzes the goal requirements of intelligent coal mine data classification and coding from three aspects of overall strategic objectives, business strategic objectives and functional strategic objectives. Intelligent coal mine data classification and coding should promote the reshaping of the business mode of coal enterprises, change the value creation driving mode, focus on key value activities, and realize the scientific organization of intelligent coal mine data. The paper proposes that the intelligent coal mine data classification and coding should follow the basic principles of scientificity, standardization, integrity, uniqueness and effectiveness. The paper also proposes the basic idea of intelligent coal mine data classification and coding. Intelligent coal mine should adopt the data classification idea of "benchmark- expansion" two stages. In the first stage, the logical sequence of "business domain - data domain - object - attribute - data element" is adopted to determine the classification benchmark of intelligent coal mine data. In the second stage, the logical sequence of "intelligent application system - intelligent business system - system functions - data resources" is adopted for data classification, verification and supplement. The hierarchical coding method of line classification should be adopted for intelligent coal mine data coding. Based on the above basic ideas, it is pointed out that in general, intelligent coal mine data classification and coding needs to focus on five key steps: determining business domain, determining data domain, identifying object classes, extracting object class attributes and defining data elements.
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Key words:
- intelligent coal mine /
- data classification /
- data coding /
- data element /
- metadata /
- master data /
- data standards /
- data governance
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图 3 智能化煤矿关键价值创造活动
Figure 3. The key value creation activities of intelligent coal mine
表 1 智能化煤矿数据元表示规则
Table 1. Data element representation rule of intelligent coal mine
构成元素 元素说明 元素值示例 约束条件 数据编码 由数据编码规则确定的唯一标志代码 C0100101 M（必选） 中文名称 由单个或多个中文字词构成的指称 瓦斯体积分数 M（必选） 中文全拼 中文名称的全拼格式 wasinongdu C（条件选） 英文名称 由单个或多个英文字词构成的指称 gas density M（必选） 英文缩写 英文名称的缩写格式 gasdty C（条件选） 定义 基于业务逻辑对数据元的客观描述 某一瓦斯检测点某一时刻的瓦斯体积分数 M（必选） 数据类型 所有数据元值的集合 number（数字型） M（必选） 数据格式 数据元值的格式要求，包括对字符长度、数据精度、表示格式等要求的说明 n..4,2（最长4个数字字符，小数点后2位，不允许负值） M（必选） 值域 由数据类型、数据格式决定的允许值集合 [0，100)的2位小数 M（必选） 计量单位 数据元值的度量单位，应符合GB/T 3100—1993《国际单位制及其应用》的规定 %VOL M（必选） 时间戳 数据元值完整的可验证性时间标记 1662911557（北京时间：2022−09−11T23:52:37） M（必选） 位置戳 数据元值可信的位置信息标记 100602综采工作面进风巷 M（必选） 主数据标记 主数据识别程序的判定结果 1（1表示该数据元是主数据，0表示该数据元不是主数据） M（必选） 备注 数据元的附加注释 父类：安全监控与管理（业务域），瓦斯监控（数据域），瓦斯（对象） O（可选） 
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