矿山物联网区块链机制研究

张立亚; 李晨鑫; 刘斌; 姜玉峰

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17978

矿山物联网区块链机制研究

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17978

1.
煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司, 北京　100013
2.
国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司双马一矿, 宁夏银川　750000

基金项目: 天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目（2022-2-TD-ZD001，2022-TD-ZD001）。

详细信息

作者简介:
张立亚（1985—），男，河北定州人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事矿井通信技术研究工作，E-mail：zhangliya@ccrise.cn

中图分类号: TD67
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-05
- 修回日期: 2022-08-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-15

Research on blockchain mechanism of mine Internet of things

1.
CCTEG China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
2.
Shuangma No.1 Coal Mine, CHN Energy Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750000, China

摘要

摘要: 矿山物联网规模大和海量数据传输的特点使得传统的网络安全和隐私防护方法无法保障关键数据的可溯源性和可信度。分析认为目前矿山物联网面临的主要安全风险是缺少数据传输可追溯性和可信性保障机制、缺少系统设备全面的签名验签保障机制、系统架构中缺少安全载体部署。指出区块链技术可解决上述问题，介绍了矿山物联网区块链结构、加密算法、共识机制等关键技术。提出了矿山物联网区块链机制：在矿山物联网感知层与传输层之间增加具备边缘算力的边缘层，部署承载区块链核心功能的安全载体，构建矿山物联网区块链部署架构；设计了矿山物联网区块链机制下的数据传输流程，采用非对称加密技术保证数据传输的安全性；在矿山物联网应用层采用数据链管理平台实现关键数据上链、数据溯源、分布式存证等功能。矿山物联网区块链机制可提高矿山物联网的信息安全保障能力和安全等级，使其满足GB/T 22239—2019《信息安全技术网络安全等级保护基本要求》中的扩展要求，降低对集中化运维的需求。
- 矿山物联网 /
- 网络安全 /
- 区块链 /
- 边缘计算 /
- 安全载体 /
- 数据溯源
Abstract: The mine Internet of things has the characteristics of large-scale and massive data transmission. These characteristics make the traditional network security and privacy protection methods unable to guarantee the traceability and reliability of key data. The main security risks of mine Internet of things are lack of data transmission traceability and credibility guarantee mechanism, lack of comprehensive signature verification guarantee mechanism of system equipment, and lack of security carrier deployment in system architecture. It is pointed out that blockchain technology can solve the above problems. The key technologies such as blockchain structure, encryption algorithm and consensus mechanism of mine Internet of things are introduced. This paper proposes a blockchain mechanism of mine Internet of things. The edge layer with edge computing power is added between the perception layer and the transmission layer of the mine Internet of things. The security carrier carrying the core functions of the blockchain is deployed. Thus the deployment architecture of the mine Internet of things blockchain is built. The data transmission process under the blockchain mechanism of the mine Internet of things is designed. The asymmetric encryption technology is adopted to ensure the security of data transmission. In the application layer of the Internet of things in mines, the data chain management platform is adopted to realize the functions of key data uplink, data traceability and distributed certificate storage. The blockchain mechanism of mine Internet of things can improve the information security guarantee capability and security level of mine Internet of things. The mechanism can make mine Internet of things to meet the expansion requirements in GB/T 22239-2019 Information security technology-Baseline for classified protection of cybersecurity, and reduce the demand for centralized operation and maintenance.
- mine Internet of things /
- network security /
- blockchain /
- edge computing /
- security carrier /
- data traceability

HTML全文

图 1 矿山物联网典型架构

Figure 1. Typical architecture of mine Internet of things

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图 2 区块链结构

Figure 2. Blockchain structure

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图 3 默克尔树

Figure 3. Merkle tree

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图 4 矿山物联网区块链部署架构

Figure 4. Blockchain deployment architecture of mine Internet of things

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图 5 上行数据传输过程

Figure 5. Transmission process of uplink data

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图 6 矿山物联网区块链机制数据传输流程

Figure 6. Data transmission process in blockchain mechanism of mine Internet of things

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图 7 矿山物联网区块链管理平台架构

Figure 7. Management platform architecture of blockchain of mine Internet of things

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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