Abstract: For problem of time-consuming and hard sledding of traditional manual measuring method which uses convergence gauge to measure 2-sides deformation of mine roadway, the paper proposed a design scheme of measuring system of 2-sides deformation of mine roadway based on ultrasonic distance measurement. The system uses C8051F340 single-chip microcomputer to control ultrasonic probe to transmit and receive ultrasonic, measures real-time environment temperature by temperature compensation module, gets actual ultrasonic speed according to relationship between temperature and ultrasonic speed in the air, and calculate the distance between two sides of the roadway according to ultrasonic distance principle. Actual test results showed that the system implemented real-time measurement of the distance between two sides of the roadway with accuracy of 1 mm.